(Prepared by the Editors)

[The Editors would like to acknowledge the considerable help they have received in preparing this catalogue from the excellent bibliographies of Rammohun’s works prepared by Sj. Amal Home, Cf. Rammohun Roy, The Man and his Work Centenary Publicity Booklet-No 1, Appendix E, incorporated in The Father of Modern India, Rammohun Centenary Commemoration Volume Part II, pp. 133-47; and Brajendranath Banerji, Cf. Rammohun Roy (Sahitya Sadhak Charitmala No. 16, Fourth Edition, Calcutta 1353 B. S) pp. 80-105. Regarding Rammohun’s publications in England, the list in Mary Carpenter’s Last Days in England of Raja Rammohun Roy Appendix A, (Calcutta Edition, 1915) pp. 219-21, has also been found useful. The present list excludes Rammohun’s personal letters.]

A. Works in Arabic-Persian.

1. Tuhafat-ul-Muwahhiddin. 1803-04. (The text is in Persian with an Arabic introduction.)

2. Manazarat-ul-Adyan. No copy of the book has as yet been found. Some modern writers doubt whether it was at all published, though Rammohun makes a reference to it in the pages of the Tuhfat. Kazi Abdul Odood however thinks that it must have been circulated either in printed or in manuscript form. For the controversy, Cf. above, pp. 35-36.

3. Javav-i-Tuhfat-ul-Muwahhiddin. 1820 (?). An anonymous Persian booklet written in defence of Rammohun’s Tuhfat against the attacks of the Zoroastrians, now in the British Museum Library, London. Possibly written by Rammohun Roy (Cf. above, p. 36).

Rammohun’s Tuhfat-ul Muwahhidin has been translated into English by Maulavi Obaidullah El Obaide and published by the Adi Brahmo Samaj, Calcutta in 1884 (Cf. above, p. 18n).

A Bengali translation from the orginal Arabic-Persian text was published by the late Girish Chandra Sen the famous missionary of the Bharatvarshiya Brahmo Samaj and an erudite scholar in Islamic theology, serially in the fortnightly journal Dharmatattva 1821 Śaka, Vaiśākha 1, p. 78; Vaiśākha 16, pp. 88-89; Jyaistha 1, pp. 98-100; Jyaistha 16, p. 113; Ashādha 16, pp. 137-38; Śravaṇa 1, pp. 148-49; Śravaṇa 16, pp. 161-62; Bhādra 16, pp. 183-84 (Vol. 34, Nos. 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, and 16 respectively). The available Bengali translation in the form of a booklet by Sj. Jyotirindranath Das, published by the Sādhāran Brahmo Samaj, Calcutta, 1949, is from Obaidullah’s English version.

B. Works in Bengali and Sanskrit.

1. Vedānta-Grantha. 1815. (It is a commentary on the Brahma-sūtras in Bengali.)

2. Vedāntasāra. 1815. (A short summary of the Vedānta-Grantha in Bengali).

3. Talabakāropanishat or Kenopanishat. (Bengali translation according to the gloss of Śankarāchārya). 1816.

4. Isopanishat. (Bengali translation according to the gloss of Śankarāchārya). 1816.

5. Utsabānanda Vidyavāgiser Sahit Vichar. (Śāstric disputes with Utsabānanda Vidyāvāgis). 1816-17. Under this head Rammohun composed three pamphlets in Sanskrit. In the end he succeeded in converting his orthodox adversary to his views and Utsabānanda is known to have joined the Brahmo Samaj when that organisation was started in 1828, as reader and expounder of the Upanishads.

The texts were discovered by Dr. V. Ray of Giridih in the Serampore College Library. The second of Rammohun’s pamphlets in this series was translated into Bengali by Sj Nalin Chandra Ganguli in the Pravāsī Kārtik, 1335 B. S. pp. 104-10. The translation has been reprinted in the Vańgiya Sāhitya Parishad Edition of Rammohun’s Bengali and Sanskrit Works-2, pp. 26-34.

6. Bhattacharyer Sahit Vichār (Śāstric disputes with Bhattacharya). 1817. It is a reply in Bengali to the criticisms of Rammohun’s Vedānta-Grantha, contained in Mrityunjaya Vidyalaṁkāra’s Vedānta-Chandrikā which was also published in 1817.

7. Kathopanishat. (Bengali translation according to the gloss of Śankarāchārya). 1817.

8. Māṇḍukyopanishat. (Bengali translation according to the gloss of Śankarāchārya). 1817.

9. Gosvīmir Sahit Vichār (Śāstric disputes with Gosvīmi). 1818. It is a reply in Bengali to the criticisims of a Vaishnavite opponent.

10. Sahamaran Vishaye Pravartak O Nibartaker Sam̄bād (A Conference between an Advocate and an Opponent of the Custom of Burning Widows Alive). 1818. Rammohun’s first Bengali tract on Suttee.

11. Gāyatrī Artha. An exposition in Bengali of the famous Gāyatrī mantra of the Rig Veda (III. 62.10). 1818.

12. Muṇḍakopanishat. (Bengali translation according to the gloss of Śankarāchārya). 1819.

13. Ātmānātmaviveka of Śankarāchārya with Bengali translation. 1819 (?). There is some doubt regarding the exact year of publication (Cf. Rammohana-Granthāvalī published by the Vańgiya Sāhitya Parishad—4, p. 76; Brajendranath Banerji Rammohun Roy 4th Edition p. 89).

14. Sahamaraṇ Vishaye Pravartak Nivartaker Dvitīya Sam̄vād (A Second Conference between an Advocate and an Opponent of the Practice of Burning Widows Alive). 1819. Rammohun’s second Bengali tract on Suttee. It is a reply to the criticisms of Rammohun’s first Bengali tract against Suttee, contained in Pandit Kashinath Tarkavagis’ Bengali pamphlet Vidhāyak Nishedhaker Sambād which had been published with an English translation from Calcutta earlier in 1819.

15. Kavitākārer Sahit Vichār (Śāstric Disputes with the Composer of Verses). 1820. A work in Bengali in reply to an anonymous apponent who has been mentioned as Kavitākāra or the “composer of verses.” The identity of the adversary has not been discovered.

16. Subrahmaṇya Śāstrīr Sahit Vichār (Śāstric Disputes with Subrahmaṇya Śāstrī). 1820. This was published simultaneously in four languages, Sanskrit, Bengali, Hindi and English. The third annual report of the School Book Society mentions a tract by Rammohun Roy under the title “Reply to the Observations of Sobha Sastree.” No separate work of that name however has come to light as yet. The editors of the Vaṅgiya Sāhitya Parishad Collection of Rammohun’s Bengali and Sanskrit works are probably right in their supposition that “Sobha Sastree” in the above context, is only an abbreviation of the name Subrahmaṇya Śāstrī and the reference in the School Book Society’s report is to the extant work Subrahmaṇya Śāstrīr Sahit Vichār (Rammohana-Granthavali, Sahitya Parishad Ed.-2, p. 103.).

17. Brāhmaṇa Sevadhi: Brāhmaṇa O Misinari Sam̄vād (Numbers 1, 2 and 3). 1821. A general defence of Brahmanical Hindism against the attacks of the Christian Missionaries (Cf. above, pp. 160-61). The first three numbers of the Brāhmaṇa Sevadhi were published together with their English translations entitled The Brahmunical Magazine: The Missionary and the Brahmun.

18. Chāri Praśner Uttar (Reply to the Four Questions ). 1822. The tract contains Rammohun’s reply to four questions asked by an orthodox opponent in the columns of the Samāchār Darpan April 6, 1822, under the signature, Dharmasam̄sthāpanākāṅkshī (one desiring to establish religion).

19. Prārthanāpatra. 1823. This is a tract on the nature of universal monotheistic worship. It was published together with an English version entitled Humble Suggestions to his Countrymen who believe in the One True God.

20. Pādri O Śishya Sam̄vād. 1823 (?). It contains a trenchant criticism of the principles of Trinitarian Christianity in the shape of an imaginary dialogue between a Trinitarian missionary and three Chinese converts to Trinitarian Christianity. Its English version entitled Dialogue between a Trinitarian Missionary and three Chinese Converts was published in 1823. The date of the publication of the Bengali tract may be tentatively inferred from this.

21. Gurupādukā. 1823. The book which has not been found, is mentioned in Rev. Long’s Descriptive Catalogue of Bengali Books (Calcutta, 1855) p.103. It appears to have been a small tract circulated in reply to an earlier anonymous attack (entitled Jñānāñjanaśalākā) on Rammohun. (It’s preface has been printed in the Bengali magazine Chhota Galpa Paush 1, 1340. B. S., Vol. II No. 24, p. 1179; Cf. Rammohana Granthāvalī Vańgiya Sāhitya Parishad Ed., Bibliography at the end, p. 73.)

22. Pathyapradān or Medicine for the Sick. 1823. An elaborate reply to Pandit Kashinath Tarkapañchānan’s Pāshaṇḍa Pīḍana also published in 1823 (Cf. above, p 148).

23. Brahmaniṣhṭha Grihasther Lakshman. 1826. It discusses the signs of a householder who is truly devoted to Brahman.

24. Kāyasther Sahit Madyapān Vishayak Vichār (A Śāstric dispute with a gentleman of the Kāyastha caste, over the question of the drinking of wine). 1826. The tract was published under the signature “Ramchandra Das.”

25. Vajrasūchī (Sanskrit text and Bengali translation of the Vajrasūchi Upanishad, a Mahāyāna Buddhist text which criticises the Brahmanical caste system). 1827. (Cf. above, pp. 238-39).

26. Gāyatryā Paramopāsanāvidhānam. 1827. A Sanskrit-Bengali tract on the means of worshipping the Absolute through the Gāyatrī Mantra. Its English translation was also published the same year.

27. Brahmopāsanā. 1828. A tract on Divine Worship.

28. Brahmasaṅgīt. 1828. A Book of Bengali devotional hymns containing compositions of Rammohun Roy and his intimate associates. (Cf. above, p. 235n.)

29. Anuṣhṭhān. 1829. A Bengali tract which under the from of a dialogue between a master (āchārya) and his disciple (śiṣya), discusses Rammohun’s concept of Upāsanā (divine worship) and its ideal method. The tract though small, is one of Rammohun’s most important theological publications. In this connection mention may be made of a work by Rammohun, entitled Abataraṇikā said to have been published in 1829, and mentioned by Rev. J. Long in his Descriptive Catalogue of Bengali Books (Calcutta 1855) p. 103. Possibly this is the same tract as Anuṣhṭhān, as the short introduction of the last-named tract also calls itself Abataraṇikā. Further, Rev. Long describes Abataraṇikā as a Sanskrit-Bengali work “on 12 questions with their answers and proofs, from the Bhagavat Gita on worship.” Rammohun’s Anuṣhṭhān also contains twelve questions and answers. The only point of discrepancy is that Rammohun in Anuṣhṭhān does not quote scriptural proof only from the Gītā but from other texts like the Brihadāraṇyaka Upanishad, Taittirīya Upanishad, Muṇḍaka Upanishad, Kena Upanishad, Chhāndogya Upanishad, Kaṭha Upanishad, Brahma-Sūtras, Gauḍapādā’s Kārikā, Vishṇu-Purāṇa, Manu-sam̄hitā, and Mahānirvāṇa-Tantra, as well.

30. Sahamaraṇ Vishaya. 1829. This is Rammohun’s last Bengali tract on Suttee published as reply to the attacks of two orthodox opponents who wrote under the pen-names of “Vipra” and “Mughabodha-chhātra”.

31. Kshudra Patrī. (Exact time of the pubilication of this leaflet, containing two Upanishadic verses and two elegant Sanskrit hymns composed by Rammohun, is unknown. It was published apparently before Rammohun had sailed for England and was meant as the sub-title states, for free distribution.)

32. Gauḍīya Vyākaraṇ. 1833. It is a grammar of the Bengali language written on the model of Rammohun’s earlier work in English on the same subject printed in 1826. The text was published by the Calcutta School Book Society in April 1833, when Rammohun was in England (Cf. above, pp. 192-93, 295-96).

Apart from the above works, Rammohun had published a Bengali verse-translation of the entire Bhāgavat Gītā but unfortunately the book has not been traced. It must have come out sometime before 1829, because Rammohun has made a reference to it in his Sahamaraṇ Vishaya published in that year (Cf. Rammohana-Granthāvalī Vaṅgīya Sāhitya Parishad Edition-3, p. 56). Besides Rammohun had published his own editions of a number of Upanishads as well as of Śaṅkara’s entire commentary on the Brahma-Sūtras (Cf. above, pp. 98-100). These however cannot be included in a list of his original writings. The third annual report of the School Book Society (1819-20) mentions a Bengali work of Rammohun entitled “Reply to a MS of Ram-gopala Sormono”. No book of this name has however come to light as yet. The editors of the Vaṅgiya Sāhitya Parishad collection of Rammohun’s Sanskrit and Bengali works think that the work may be identical with Gosvāmir Sahit Vichār (Cf. above, no. 9 in the present list). This appears to be an unwarranted assumption in the present state of our knowledge.

A word must also be said here about a Bengali tract called Brāhma-Pauttalika Sam̄vād mentioned by Rev. Long (Catalogue p. 103) to have been a work of Rammohun Roy published in 1820. In an earlier notice in the Third Annual Report of the Calcutta School Book Society (1819-20) however the authorship of the book has been attributed to Brajamohun Majumdar one of the intimate associates of Rammohun. The work had also been translated into English in 1821 under the title “A Tract against the prevailing system of Hindoo Idolatry”. In the preface to the English translation too the European translator mentions Brajamohun Majumdar as the author of the original Bengali text (Cf. The Father Of Modern India: Rammohun Centenary Commemoration Volume Part II p. 126). A possible explanation of this anomaly may be that Rammohun actually wrote and published the book under the signature of his friend Brajamohun Majumdar. The persistent assumption of pen-names and, the names of his friends and followers in publishing his own writings was one of Rammohun’s well-known habits (Cf. above, p. 217). Until however the question of authorship is finally settled, it would be unsafe to include Brāhma-Pauttalika Sam̄vād in a list of Rammohun’s works. A critical edition of this Bengali tract together with its English translation is at present being prepared by Dr. Stephen N. Hay of the University of Chicago., U. S. A.

The first collected edition of Rammohun Roy’s Bengali works was published in 1839 by Sj Annada Prasad Banerji, zamindar of Telinipara, (Hooghly Dt., West Bengal), who belonged to the circle of Rammohun’s distinguished friends and followers. Subsequently the following collections of his Bengali and Sanskrit works have been published: (1) Raja Rammohan Raya Pranita Granthavali, edited by Rajnarayan Basu and Ananda Chandra Vedāntavāgiś, Adi Brahmo Samaj Press, Calcutta, 1880; (2) Rājā Rammohana Rāyer Sanskrita O Vāṅgāla Granthāvalī, printed at the Kuntalin Press, Calcutta and published by the Panini Office, Allahabad, 1905; (3) Rammohana-Granthāvalī edited by Brajendranath Banerji and Sajani Kanta Das, published by the Vaṅgīya Sāhitya Parishad (Calcutta, 1359 B.S.)

C. Works in Hindi.

1. Vedānta-Grantha (Hindi translation from the Bengali original). 1815 (?)

2. Vedāntasāra (Hindi translation from the Bengali original). 1815 (?)

The two above works have unfortunately not yet been traced. Rammohun refers to these Hindi publications of his in the preface to An Abridgment of the Vedant (Calcutta, 1816) (Cf. The English Works of Raja Rammohun Roy ed. Nag and Burman, Part II pp 59-60). Pandit Kshitīmohana Sen Śāstrī mentions having seen a copy of the Hindi translation apparently of the Vedānta-Grantha in his boyhood at the house of Sj Abhayacharn Bhattacharya of Mirzapur (U. P.) (Cf. his Yugaguru Rammohana, Calcutta, 1952, p. 8)

3. Subhrmaṇya Śāstrīr Sahit Vichār (Hindi version). 1820.

Rammohun’s Hindi prose style has been discussed by Pandit Hazari Prasad Dvivedi in a Bengali article entitled “Hindi Bhashaya Rammohana” (Cf. The Father of Modern India: Rammohun Centenary Commemoration Volume, Part II pp. 465-68).

D. Works in English. (Published from Calcutta):

1. Translation of an Abridgment of the Vedant or Resolution of all the Veds; the most celebrated and revered work of Brahminical Theology; establishing the Unity of the Supreme Being; and that He Alone is the object of Propitiation and Worship. 1816.

2. Translation of the Cena [Kena] Upanishad, one of the chapters of the Sāma Veda; according to the gloss of the celebrated Shancaracharya: establishing the Unity and the Sole Omnipotence of the Supreme Being; and that He Alone is the Object of Worship. 1816.

3. Translation of the Ishopanishad, one of the chapters of the Yajur Ved: according to the commentary of the celebrated Shankaracharya: establishing the Unity and Incomprehensibility of the Supreme Being; and that His Worship alone can lead to Eternal Beatitude. 1816.

4. A Defence of Hindoo Theism in reply to the Attack of an Advocate for Idolatry at Madras. 1817.

5. A Second Defence of the Monotheistical System of the Vedas in reply to an apology for the present state of Hindoo Worship. 1817. This is a reply to Mrityunjaya Vidyālaṁkāra’s An Apology for the present system of Hindoo Worship published in 1817.

6. Counter-Petition of the Hindu Inhabitants of Calcutta against Suttee. 1818.

7. Translation of a conference between an Advocate for, and an Opponent of, the Practice of Burning Widows Alive, from the original Bungla. 1818.

8. Translation of the Moonduk-Opunishud of the Uthuru-Ved, according to the gloss of the celebrated Shunkuracharyu. 1819.

9. Translation of the Kut’h-Opunishud of the Ujoor-Ved, according to the gloss of the celebrated Sunkuracharyu. 1819.

10. An Apology for the Pursuit of Final Beatitude, independently of Brahmunical Observances. 1820. It is the English version of Rammohun’s scriptural dispute with Pandit Subrahmanya Śāstrī

11. A Second Conference between an Advocate for and an Opponent of, the Practice of Burning Widows Alive. Translated from the original Bengalee. 1820.

12. The Precepts of Jesus, the Guide to Peace and Happiness; extracted from the Books of the New Testament ascribed to the four Evangelists. With translations into Sungscrit and Bengalee. 1820.

The promised Sanskrit and Bengali translations were never published by Rammohun. A Bengali translation of the book was however published by Sj Rakhaldas Haldar under the title Sukhaśāntir Upāyasvarūp Yīsu-praṇīta Hitopadeś (Calcutta 1859). It may be noted here that Rammohun’s Precepts of Jesus created a tradition of liberal intrepretion of Christ’s teachings in Christian circles and inspired the Earl of Northbrook to publish his The Teachings of Jesus Christ in His Own Words (London, Sampson Low, Morston & Co. 1900). In his preface (p.v) Northbrook writes: “My purpose has been to put before them [the People of India] the Teaching of Christ in His own words, as recorded in the four Gospels…….The learned and distinguished Hindu, Raja Rammohun Roy, published eighty years ago a compilation called ‘The Precepts of Jesus, the guide to peace and happiness’, with the same object in view, but in a different shape.”

13. An Appeal to the Christian Public in defence of the “Precepts of Jesus”, by a Friend to Truth. 1820.

14. Second Appeal to the Christian Public in defence of the “Precepts of Jesus.” 1821.

15. The Brahmanical Magazine or the Missionary and the Brahmun, being a vindication of the Hindoo religion against the attacks of Christian Missionaries, Nos. I, II & III. 1821.

16. Brief Remarks regarding Modern Encroachments on the Ancient Rights of Females according to the Hindoo Law of Inheritance. 1822.

17. The Brahmunical Magazine or the Missionary and the Brahmun, No. IV. 1823.

18. Final Appeal to the Christian Public in defence of the “Precepts of Jesus”. 1823.

19. Humble Suggestions to his countrymen who believe in One True God (published in the name of Prasanna Kumar Tagore). 1823.

20. Petitions against the Press Regulations. (a) Memorial to the Supreme Court. 1823. (b) Appeal to the King in Council. 1823.

21. A Few Queries for the Serious Consideration of Trinitarians Parts I & II. 1823.

22. A Dialogue between a Missionary and three Chinese Converts. 1823.

23. A Vindication of the Incarnation of the Deity as the common basis of Hindooism and Christianity against the schismatic attacks of R. Tytler Esqr. M. D. (Published under the pseudonym Ram Doss). 1823.

24. A Letter to Lord Amherst on Western Education dated Calcutta, December 11, 1823.

25. A Letter to Rev. Henry Ware on the Prospects of Christianity in India. 1824.

26. Translation of a Sunscrit Tract on Different Modes of Worship (published under the curious signature “By a friend of the Author”). 1825.

27. Bengalee Grammar in English Language. 1826.

28. A Translation into English of a Sunskrit Tract, inculcating the Divine Worship, esteemed by those who believe in the revelation of the Veds as most appropriate to the nature of the Supreme Being. 1827.

29. Answer of a Hindoo to the question, “Why do you frequent Unitarian places of worship instead of the numerically attended Established Churches?” 1827. This tract was published in the name of Chandra Sekhar Dev (Cf. above, p. 217).

30. Symbol of the Trinity. 1828. (?).

31. The Universal Religion: Religious Instructions founded on Sacred Authorities. 1829.

32. Petition to the Government against Regulation III of 1828 for the resumption of Lakheraj Lands. 1829.

33. Petition of the Padishah (Akbar II) of Delhi to King George IV of England. 1829.

34. Address to Lord Willim Bentinck, Governor General of India upon the passing of the Act for the abolition of the Suttee. 1830.

35. Essay on the Rights of Hindoos over Ancestral Property according to the Law of Bengal. 1830.

36. Letters on Hindoo Law of Inheritance. 1830.

37. Abstract of Arguments regarding the burning of widows considered as a religious rite. 1830.

38. Counter-Petition to the House of Commons to the Memorial of the advocates of the Suttee. 1830.

39. On the Possibility, Practicability and Expediency of Substituting the Bengali Language for the English. (Date of Composition unknown). It is a humorous skit published presumably for the first time in the Modern Review, December, 1928, pp. 635-36 (Cf. above, p. 208).

40. Hindu Authorities in favour of slaying the cow and eating its flesh. (Unpublished) (Cf. Brajendranath Banerji Rammohana Raya 4th Ed. p. 100).

E. Works in English (Published in England):

1. Abridgment of the Vedant and the English translation of the Cena Upanishad—Reprinted with a preface by John Digby containing a letter addressed to him by Rammohun Roy.: T and J Hoitt, London, 1817.

2. The Precepts of Jesus together with the First and Second Appeals to the Christian Public with a preface by Thomas Rees, published by the Unitarian Society, London. 1823. (Second London Edition, 1834).

3. Final Appeal to the Christian Public in defence of the Precepts of Jesus. London, Hunter, 1823.

4. Answer to Queries by Rev. H. Ware of Cambridge U. S., printed in “Correspondence relative to the Prospects of Christianity and the Means of Promoting its Reception in India.” London: C. Fox, 1825.

5. Treaty with the King of Delhi. Decision thereon by the Governor General of India, Reports of the British Resident and Political Agent at Delhi; with Remarks. London, Printed by John Nichols, 1831. It is not included in any of the extant collected editions of Rammohun’s English Works, but has been printed in the Modern Review for January, 1934, pp. 49-61.

6. Some Remarks in vindication of the Resolution passed by the Government of Bengal in 1829 abolishing the Practice of Female Sacrifices in India: Printers, Nichols and Sons, London, 1832. This tract also does not form part of any edition of Rammohun’s collected English Works. A copy of it was discovered by the late Prof. U. N. Ball in the library of the Foreman Christian College, Lahore. It has been published in the Modern Review March, 1934, pp. 272-76.

7. Essay on the Right of Hindoos over Ancestral Property according to the Law of Bengal. With an Appendix containing Letters on the Hindoo Law of Inheritance. London, Smith, Elder and Co., 1832.

8. Exposition of the Practical Operation of the Judicial and Revenue Systems of India, and of the general character and condition of its Native Inhabitants, as submitted in Evidence to the Authorities in England With Notes and Illustrations; also a brief preliminary sketch of the ancient and modern boundaries and of the history of that Country. Elucidated by a Map. London, Smith, Elder & Co., 1832.

9. Answers of Rammohun Roy to the Queries on the Salt Monopoly. March 19, London 1832. It has been reprinted in the Modern Review May, 1934, pp. 553-55, from Parliamentary Papers 1831-32 (Vol. XI pp. 685-86, Appendix 140).

10. Translation of Several Principal Books Passages and Texts of the Veds, and of some Controversial Works in Brahmunical Theology. London, Parbury, Allen & Co., 1832.

This collection includes the following Tracts: (a) Translation of the Abridgment of the Vedant. (b) Trans. of the Moonduck-Oopunishud. (c) Trans. of the Cena Upanishad. (d) Trans. of the Kut’h-Opunishud. (e) Trans. of the Ishopunishud. (f) A Translation into English of a Sunskrit Tract inculcating the Divine Worship, etc. (g) A Defence of Hindoo Theism. (h) Second Defence of the Monotheistical System of the Veds, etc. (i) An Apology for the Pursuit of Final Beatitude, independently of Brahminical Observances. (j) Translation of a Conference between an Advocate for and an Opponent of the practice of burning Widows alive. (k) A Second Conference between an Advocate for, and an Opponent of, the practice of burning Widows alive. (l) Abstract of Arguments regarding the Burning of Widows, considered as a Religious Rite. (m) Brief Remarks regarding Modern Encroachments on the Ancient Rights of Females according to the Hindoo Law of Inheritance.

11. Appeal to the British Nation against a violation of common justice and a breach of public faith by the Supreme Government of India with the Native Inhabitants. London, 1832(?) The library of the Foreman Christian College, Lahore, possesses a copy of the tract. On September 29, 1829, the Government of India rejected the appeal which Rammohun had submitted on behalf of the land-holders of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa against Regulation III of 1828 for the resumption of Lakheraj Lands. While in England, Rammohun preferred a further appeal on the matter to the Court of Directors in the name of his companion Ramratna Mukherjee. Even this failing to produce any result, he published the above booklet in the name of the same Ramratna Mukherjee. The Times of London came out in its issues of April 6 and 13, 1833, with some adverse remarks on the action of the Government regarding this particular problem. The criticisms were sought to be met by an anonymous supporter of the India Government in the Asiatic Journal (May to August, 1833, pp. 109-11), under the signature A. B. In the same volume of the Journal (pp. 214-18) a detailed reply was given to A. B. by a correspondent who signed C. D. Possibly the latter was no other than Rammohun. The booklet together with the criticisms and discussions it generated in the pages of the Times, the Asiatic Journal etc., has been printed in J. K. Majumdar’s Raja Rammohun Roy and Progressive Movements in India Appendix III, pp. 512-35.

12. Translation of the Creed maintained by the Ancient Brahmins as founded on the Sacred Authorities. London, Nichols and Son, 1833.

13. The Autobiographical Letter. It was published by Sandford Arnot in the Athenaeum October 5, 1833 (Cf. above, pp. 496-98).

F. Works Published in America¹

1. Correspondence Relative to the Prospects of Christianity and the Means of Promoting its Reception in India. Cambridge University Press, Hilliard and Metcalf, 1824.

2. The Precepts of Jesus together with the First and the Second Appeals to the Christian Public. New York, B. Bates, 1825.

3. Appeal to the Christian Public in Defence of the Precepts of Jesus. Boston (?), Christian Register Office (?), about April, 1826. Miss. Adrienne Moore is not certain whether it was really an American edition of any of the Appeals or merely an advertisement by the Christian Register Office, of the 1823 London (Hunter) edition of the Final Appeal. No 1826 copy of any American edition of any of the Appeals, has so far been found.

4. The Precepts of Jesus together with the First, Second and the Final Appeals to the Christian Public, Parts. I & II. Boston, Christian Register Office, 1828.

5. A Vindication of the Incarnation of the Deity as a Common Basis of Hindooism and Christianity. Salem, Massachusetts, 1828.

6. Brief Extracts from Rammohun Roy’s Appeals. Philadelphia Unitarian Association Publication 183—? Miss Moore adds the following comment: “This is possibly an excerpt torn from some publication”.

Miss Moore mentions as appendix to her list, a publication entitled Address to the Members of Congress on the Abolition of Slavery Washington, D. C. (?), 1830-1833 (?), and adds: “This document on slavery is signed ‘Rammohun Roy’, but the name is merely a pseudonym, as seen from the lines: ‘In closing this address allow me to assume the name of one of the most enlightened and benevolent of the human race now living, though not a white man, Rammohun Roy’.” (Rammohun Roy and America p. 52).

G. German edition

1. Auflösung des Wedant, orderder Auflösung aller Weds des beruhmtesen Werke Braminischer Gottesgelahrtheit worin die Einheit des Hochsten Wesens dargethan wird, so wie auch dass Gottallein der Gegenstand der Veröhnung und Verehrung seyn konnte. Jena, 1817. (German Translation of the Abridgment of the Vedant.)

H. Dutch Edition

1 Vertaling Van Verscheidene voername Boeken. Platsen en Teksten van de Veddas. Naar het Engelsch door P. P. Rooda Van Eysinga. Kampen, 1840. (It is apparently a Dutch rendering of the collection entitled Translation of Several Principal Books Passages and Texts of the Veds published from London in 1832.)

The following collected editions of Rammohun Roy’s English works have so far been published.

(1) The English Works of Raja Rammohun Roy edited by Jogendra Chunder Ghosh, compiled and published by Eshan Chander Bose, Volume I, Oriental Press, Calcutta 1885; Vol. II, Aruna Press, Calcutta 1887.

(2) The English Works of Raja Rammohun Roy edited by Jogendra Chunder Ghosh, republished in three volumes by Srikanta Roy. Agents:—S. K. Lahiri & Co, Calcutta, 1901.

(3) The English Works of Raja Rammohun Roy including some additional letters and an English translation of the Raja’s Tuhfatul Muwahiddin with an introduction by Ramananda Chatterjee. Panini Office, Allahbad, 1906.

(4) The English Works of Raja Rammohun Roy edited by Kalidas Nag and Debajyoti Burman, in seven parts. Parts I to VI are at present available. Published by the Sadharan Brahmo Samaj: Calcutta (1945-51).

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

(Prepared by the Editors)

1. Adam, William—A Lecture on the Life and Labours of Rammohun Roy (delivered in Boston, U. S. A., 1845). Edited by Rakhaldas Haldar, Calcutta 1879. It has recently been reprinted as Appendix VIII to Dr. P. K. Sen’s Biography of a New Faith Vol. I (Thacker Spink & Co., Calcutta, 1950).

2. Aspland, Robert—A Sermon on the occasion of the lamented death of the Raja Rammohun Roy, with a Biographical Sketch, London, 1833.

3. Ball Upendranath—Rammohun Roy: A Study of his Life, Works and Thoughts, U. Roy & Sons, Calcutta, 1933.

4. Banerji Brajendranath—Rajah Rammohun Roy’s Mission to England. (Based on unpublished records.), N. M. Roychowdhury & Co., Calcutta, 1926.

5. Banerji Brajendranath Rammohana Rāya (in Bengali)—Fourth Edition, 1353 B. S. (Sāhitya-Sādhak-Charitmālā No. 16, Vaṅgiya Sāhitya Parishad, Calcutta.)

6. Basu Sasibhushan—Raja Rammohana Rayer Jivani (Second Edition, Calcutta 1332 B.S.) (Bengali.)

7. Carpenter, Lant—A Review of the Labours Opinions and Character of Rajah Rammohun Roy in a Discourse on Occasion of Death, Delivered in Lewin’s Mead Chapel, Bristol; A series of Illustrative Extracts From His Writings; And a Biographical Memoir to which is subjoined an Examination of some Derogatory Statements in the Asiatic Journal. London and Bristol, 1833.

8. Carpenter, Mary—Last Days in England of the Rajah Rammohun Roy London 1866. [Reprinted by the Rammohun Library, Calcutta, 1915).

9. Chakravarti, Ajit Kumar—Rājā Rammohana (in Bengali), Calcutta, 1934.

10. Chakravarty, Satis Chandra (ed.) The Father of Modern India: Commemoration Volume of the Rammohun Roy Centenary Celebrations, 1933. Calcutta, 1935.

11. Chatterjee, Nagendranath,—Mahātmā Rājā Rāmmohana Rāyer Jibancharit (in Bengali), Calcutta 1881. (Fifth revised and enlarged edition published by the Indian Press Ltd., Allahabad, 1928.)

12. Chatterjee, Nandamohun—Mahātmā Rāja Rāmmohana Rāya Sammandhiya Kshudra Kshudra Galpa (Some Anecdotes from the Life of Raja Rammohun Roy), Calcutta, 1287 B. S. (Second Edition, Calcutta, 1298 B. S.)

13. Chatterjee, Ramananda—Rammohun Roy and Modern India. Calcutta, 1918. (New reprint issued by the Sadharan Brahmo Samaj, Calcutta. Year of publication not mentioned.)

14. Das Jogananda Rammohana O Brāhma Andolan (in Bengali), Sadharan Brahmo Samaj, Calcutta, 1353 B.S.

15 Ganguli, Nalin Chandra—Raja Rammohun Roy (Builders of Modern India Series, Y. M. C. A. Publications), Calcutta, 1934.

16. Ganguli, Prabhat Chandra—Rammohana-Prasaṅga (in Bengali), Sadharan Brahmo Samaj, Calcutta, 1353 B. S.

17. Home Amal (ed.)—Rammohun Roy: The Man and His Work (Rammohun Centenary Publicity Booklet No. 1) Calcutta 1933. It has been incorporated in the Commemoration Volume of Rammohun Roy Centenary Celebrations edited by Sj. Satis Chandra Chakravarti (Cf. No. 10, above).

18. Majumdar, Bimanbehari—History of Political Thought from Rammohun to Dayananda 1821-84, Volume I (Bengal), University of Calcutta, 1934. Chapter I.

19. Chanda, Ramaprasad and Majumdar, Jatindra Kumar (ed.), Letters and Documents Relating to the Life of Raja Rammohun Roy Vol. I (1791-1830). With an Introductory Memoir. Oriental Book Agency, Calcutta, 1938.

20. Majumdar, Jatindra Kumar (ed.)—Raja Rammohun Roy and the Last Moghuls: A Selection from Official Records 1803–1859, with an Historical Introduction. Art Press, Calcutta, 1939.

21. Majumdar, Jatindra Kumar (ed.) Raja Rammohun Roy and Progressive Movements in India: A Selection from Records, 1775–1845, with an Historical Introduction, Art Press, Calcutta, 1941.

22. Max Müller, F.—Biographical Essays. Longmans Green & Co., London, 1884, pp. 1-48.

23. Moore, Adrienne—Rammohun Roy and America, Sadharan Brahmo Samaj, Calcutta, 1942.

24. Naik, Vasant Narayan—Raja Rammohun Roy—An Appreciation with a foreword by Sri Narayan Chandavarkar. Bombay, 1916.

25. Parekh, Manilal C.—Rajarshi Ram-Mohan Roy. Kathiwad, 1927.

26. Samaddar, R. N., Raja Rammohun Roy, Calcutta, 1911.

27. Śāstrī, Śivanath—Rammohana Rāya (in Bengali) Calcutta, 1886.

28. Seal, Brajendranath—Rammohun Roy,—the Universal Man, Sadharan Brahmo Samaj, Calcutta. Year of publication not mentioned. (Contains two illuminating addresses of the author, one delivered at the death anniversary of Rammohun Roy at Bangalore on the 27th September, 1924, the other, on the occasion of the Rammohun Roy Centenary celebrations at Calcutta on December 31, 1933)

29. Sen Śāstri, Kshitimohana—Yugaguru Rammohana (in Bengali). Calcutta, 1952.

30. Tagore. Rabindranath—Bhāratpathik Rāmmohana Rāya. Visvabhāratī, Tagore Centenary Edition, 1366 B.S. A well-edited collection of all that the poet had written and said on Rammohun at different times.